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SECTION 04 · Word forms in context

Word formation

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Text 15Book 3 · Section 4 · 15 / 19
How to solve: Word formationGaps in a text where you choose the correct form of a word.

What it tests

Word formation: choosing the right part of speech (noun, adjective, adverb, verb) and the right prefix or suffix.

In the exam: part IV, 5 tasks.

Step by step

  1. Look at the word just before the gap: an article or possessive (a, the, his) usually needs a noun; be, become, very usually need an adjective.
  2. Look at the word after the gap: before a noun you usually need an adjective; after a verb you may need an adverb.
  3. Decide the part of speech, then choose the option with that ending.
  4. Check the meaning: positive or negative (un-, in-, im-, dis-, -less), singular or plural.
  5. Read the sentence again with the word in place.

Watch out for

  • Noun forms that look alike: success / succession, economy / economics.
  • -ed and -ing adjectives: bored (how I feel) / boring (what causes it).
  • Adjective instead of adverb after a verb: speak fluent ✕ / speak fluently ✓.

Example

…parents with a high level of ____ … a) education b) educational c) educate d) educated

a) education — after “a high level of” we need a noun.

Text 15
EXERCISE TEXT

Did birds evolve from dinosaurs? Two recent discoveries add evidence to scientists' 1 that they did. These are two dinosaur fossils unearthed in China.

Dinosaur experts named one fossil Dilong paradoxus. It is about 130 million years old. Dilong is the first dinosaur found with a featherlike 2.

The second find, which the scientists named Meilong, is the first dinosaur fossil found in a 3 position. With its head tucked between its elbow and body and its tail wrapped around itself to keep 4, the dinosaur looks like a resting bird. Researchers believe that some dinosaurs were warm-blooded, 5 birds.

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