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SECTION 04 · Word forms in context

Word formation

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How to solve: Word formationGaps in a text where you choose the correct form of a word.

What it tests

Word formation: choosing the right part of speech (noun, adjective, adverb, verb) and the right prefix or suffix.

In the exam: part IV, 5 tasks.

Step by step

  1. Look at the word just before the gap: an article or possessive (a, the, his) usually needs a noun; be, become, very usually need an adjective.
  2. Look at the word after the gap: before a noun you usually need an adjective; after a verb you may need an adverb.
  3. Decide the part of speech, then choose the option with that ending.
  4. Check the meaning: positive or negative (un-, in-, im-, dis-, -less), singular or plural.
  5. Read the sentence again with the word in place.

Watch out for

  • Noun forms that look alike: success / succession, economy / economics.
  • -ed and -ing adjectives: bored (how I feel) / boring (what causes it).
  • Adjective instead of adverb after a verb: speak fluent ✕ / speak fluently ✓.

Example

…parents with a high level of ____ … a) education b) educational c) educate d) educated

a) education — after “a high level of” we need a noun.

Text 1
EXERCISE TEXT

In 332 BC Alexander the Great, king of Macedonia, 1 Egypt. In 305 BC Alexander's general Ptolemy of Egypt, and his 2, the Ptolemies, for almost 300 years ruled Egypt. Although Ptolemy was Macedonian by birth and the Ptolemians remained tied to Greek culture, they were 3 for one of the greatest periods of building and decorating temples in Egypt. The Ptolemies did so to win acceptance for their 4 from their Egyptian subjects. The Ptolemaic dynasty ended when Cleopatra, queen of Egypt, committed suicide after the Romans 5 her forces at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC.

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