e· ExamHubENGLISH WORKBOOK TRAINER
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SECTION 04 · Word forms in context

Word formation

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Text 18Book 1 · Section 4 · 18 / 30
How to solve: Word formationGaps in a text where you choose the correct form of a word.

What it tests

Word formation: choosing the right part of speech (noun, adjective, adverb, verb) and the right prefix or suffix.

In the exam: part IV, 5 tasks.

Step by step

  1. Look at the word just before the gap: an article or possessive (a, the, his) usually needs a noun; be, become, very usually need an adjective.
  2. Look at the word after the gap: before a noun you usually need an adjective; after a verb you may need an adverb.
  3. Decide the part of speech, then choose the option with that ending.
  4. Check the meaning: positive or negative (un-, in-, im-, dis-, -less), singular or plural.
  5. Read the sentence again with the word in place.

Watch out for

  • Noun forms that look alike: success / succession, economy / economics.
  • -ed and -ing adjectives: bored (how I feel) / boring (what causes it).
  • Adjective instead of adverb after a verb: speak fluent ✕ / speak fluently ✓.

Example

…parents with a high level of ____ … a) education b) educational c) educate d) educated

a) education — after “a high level of” we need a noun.

Text 18
EXERCISE TEXT

People live longer in the cities. Medical 1 is better there. And of course, 2 opportunities can be found everywhere in the city. We should continue to develop city services so that people can 3 their lives in the world's urban centers. Rather than limiting development, we should encourage it. Public transportation systems need to be developed so that people can travel to and from work and school easily. Carpooling should be encouraged to cut down on 4 . The more we clean up and 5 our megacities, the more life will improve for the residents of those cities.

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