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SECTION 04 · Word forms in context

Word formation

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Text 14Book 2 · Section 4 · 14 / 30
How to solve: Word formationGaps in a text where you choose the correct form of a word.

What it tests

Word formation: choosing the right part of speech (noun, adjective, adverb, verb) and the right prefix or suffix.

In the exam: part IV, 5 tasks.

Step by step

  1. Look at the word just before the gap: an article or possessive (a, the, his) usually needs a noun; be, become, very usually need an adjective.
  2. Look at the word after the gap: before a noun you usually need an adjective; after a verb you may need an adverb.
  3. Decide the part of speech, then choose the option with that ending.
  4. Check the meaning: positive or negative (un-, in-, im-, dis-, -less), singular or plural.
  5. Read the sentence again with the word in place.

Watch out for

  • Noun forms that look alike: success / succession, economy / economics.
  • -ed and -ing adjectives: bored (how I feel) / boring (what causes it).
  • Adjective instead of adverb after a verb: speak fluent ✕ / speak fluently ✓.

Example

…parents with a high level of ____ … a) education b) educational c) educate d) educated

a) education — after “a high level of” we need a noun.

Text 14
EXERCISE TEXT

A recent report on the 1habits of children in Britain suggests that children from the age of three to sixteen show a strong dislike for vegetables and only eat sufficient amounts of fruit and vegetables at Christmas. One researcher says not eating 2may have serious consequences on a child's speech and physical development, resulting in poorer performance at school.

One 3is to give children extra iron and vitamins but in the long run it is more effective if children get the right ingredients in their daily diet. 4, parents choose food for their children that is quick and 5 to prepare, rather than food which is fresh and healthy. Consequently, it is difficult later to get children to change their habits.

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Gap 5