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SECTION 04 · Word forms in context

Word formation

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Text 5Book 2 · Section 4 · 5 / 30
How to solve: Word formationGaps in a text where you choose the correct form of a word.

What it tests

Word formation: choosing the right part of speech (noun, adjective, adverb, verb) and the right prefix or suffix.

In the exam: part IV, 5 tasks.

Step by step

  1. Look at the word just before the gap: an article or possessive (a, the, his) usually needs a noun; be, become, very usually need an adjective.
  2. Look at the word after the gap: before a noun you usually need an adjective; after a verb you may need an adverb.
  3. Decide the part of speech, then choose the option with that ending.
  4. Check the meaning: positive or negative (un-, in-, im-, dis-, -less), singular or plural.
  5. Read the sentence again with the word in place.

Watch out for

  • Noun forms that look alike: success / succession, economy / economics.
  • -ed and -ing adjectives: bored (how I feel) / boring (what causes it).
  • Adjective instead of adverb after a verb: speak fluent ✕ / speak fluently ✓.

Example

…parents with a high level of ____ … a) education b) educational c) educate d) educated

a) education — after “a high level of” we need a noun.

Text 5
EXERCISE TEXT

Have you noticed how often people are happy to hear the same joke, over and over again? One reason, of course, is that they have not probably forgotten the details of the joke, but I am sure it also has something to do with getting the same 1 more than once. So when a person who has just started telling a joke asks his audience, 'Do you know it?' or 'Have you heard it before?' people always answer something like, 'It doesn't matter, let's hear it again.” It is not 2that if a joke is worth hearing, it is worth hearing several times. I think it was Ogden Nash who once said that it is probably better to have an infectious disease than to have a sense of 3. He argued, tongue-in-check no doubt, that although people who possess a sense of humour have a good time, they never 4achieve anything important, whether good or bad. This, thought Nash, is because when people with a sense of humour begin to do anything 5, they can't help noticing how funny they look doing it, so they stop to have a good laugh at themselves. As a result, what might have been a great achievement is left unfinished.

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